Welcome great EduPodian, here is your First Term JSS2 Agricultural Science Scheme of Work and the excerpt of the First Term JSS2 Agricultural Science Lesson Note.
Scheme of Work:
1. Revision of J SS1 Work
2. Farm Structures and Building
3. Siting of Farm and layout of farm structures
4. Cultural Practices: Preplanting operations
5. Cultural practices: Planting Operations
6. Cultural Practices: Post planting Operations
7. Farming System
8. Cropping Systems
9. Field Work
10. Revision
11. Examination
REFERENCE BOOKS
• Presscribed Agricultural Scinece for Junior Secondary Schools Book 2 by S.A Omoruyi
• Junior Secondary Agricultural for Nigerian Schools Book 2 by Anthony Yandeowei, B.K. Kaigama, S.O Adesiyan, J.N Ogbazi, Terry Olowu.
WEEK ONE
TOPIC: REVISION AND GENERAL CLEANING.
CONTENT
– Definition of crop
– Classification of crop
DEFINITION
A crop is a plant that is grown by man in order to harvest it at some point. The crops grown by the farmer can be classified as follows;
1. According to their uses
2. According to life cycle
3. According to the number of cotyledon
CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS ACCORDING TO THEIR USES
Crops in this category are classified or grouped according to the main food substances existing in them. They are as follows. (i) legumes(ii) cereal (iii) roots and tubers (iv) vegetables (v) fruits (vi) beverages (vii) oil (viii) latex (ix) fibres(x) spices (xi) drugs (xii) forage Crops (xiii) nuts
EVALUATION
1. What is a crop?
2. Mention ten classification of crops based on their uses.
CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS ACCORDING TO THEIR LIFE CYCLE
On the bases of life cycle, crops are grouped into three. These are:
(A) Annual Crops
(B) Biennial Crops
(C) Perennial Crops
(a) Annual Crops: These are crops that complete their life cycle in one year or planting season. The crops are planted, grow and are harvested or will die within one year. This group of crops are Maize, Rice, Millet, Yam, Tomato, Millet and Guinea Corn
(b) Biennial Crops: These are crops that complete their life cycle in two years. They use the first year to grow and store food. Reproduction and maturity takes place in the second year. Examples are pineapple, cocoyam, plantain, banana and sugar beet.
(c) Perennial Crops: This group of crop takes more than two years to their life cycle. They are mainly tree crops. They include Rubber, Cocoa, Oil Palm and Orange.
ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF SEED-LEAF OR COTYLEDON
Crops can be classified according to the number of seed leaf or cotyledon.
They are
(A) Monocotyledonous crops
(B) Dicotyledonous crops
(a) Mono-cot crops: These are crops that have only one seed leaf or cotyledon. Examples are millet, rice, maize and oil palm.
(b) Di-cot crops: These are crops that have two seed leaves or cotyledon. Examples are cowpea, melon, mango, pumpkin and soya beans.
EVALUATION
1. Define a crop
2. Classify crop based on their life cycle with examples
3. State three examples each of monocot and dicot
SUB-TOPIC- WEED
– Definition of Weed of Pest
– Types and Classification of pests
– Physical control, Chemical control and Biological control
WEED
Weed is any plant which is not cultivated and grows where it is not wanted. Such a plant is therefore a nuisance to the farmer. Examples are commelina, goat weed or the common water leaf (Talinumtriangulare) growing in a cassava field.
TYPES OF WEEDS
A. Annual weed: They grow and complete their life cycle in one year.
B. Perennial Weeds: They grow for more than one year.
PEST
A pest is any living organism, plant or animal, plant or animal, which can cause damage to cultivated crops, farm animals and humans.
CLASSIFICATION OF PESTS
Pest can be classified as
i) Insect Pest- Insect pests are animals without backbones and they belong to the group of animals called arthropods. Arthropod is a very large group of animals which, in addition to insects, includes crabs, shrimps, millipedes, spiders, centipedes and scorpions.
ii) Non-insect pest- These are animals such as vertebrates like nematodes, mites, snails, slugse.t.c. and vertebrates like rats, squirrels, monkeys, glasscutters, birds, jackals that can cause damage to crop.
EVALUATION
1. What is a pest?
2. Mention two classes of pests.
3. What are weeds?
4. List five examples of weeds and state three features of weeds.
CLASSIFICATION OF INSECT PESTS
Insect can be classified based on their mouth parts which are different in different insect groups.
1. Biting and chewing Pests.
2. Piercing and sucking Pests.
3. Boring insects.
NATURE OF DAMAGE
1. Destruction of crop tissues
2. Stunted growth
3. Weakened crop plant
4. Pierced holes can be infested with harmful organism like fungi, bacteria and viruses
5. Transfer of harmful organism from infected crop to the healthy one.
6. It causes ill-health to man and livestock.
CONTROL MEASURES
(a) Physical Control
(b) Chemical Control
(c) Biological Control
SUB-TOPIC- Factors of Production
1. Land: refers to where productive activities such as growing of crops, rearing of animals and establishment of farmstead, e.t.c are carried out.
2. Labour: includes all forms of productive human efforts put into or utilized in production. It also refers to man’s mental and physical exertions generated in the process of production.
3. Capital: includes all man-made productive assets which are used in production.
4. Farm Management: refers to the person or group of persons who co-ordinate, organize and control the use of other factors of production to produce goods and services.
Functions of Farm Manager
The functions of a farm manager can be grouped into five major headings:
(a) Organization
(b) Administration
(c) Production
(d) Marketing
(e) Evaluation
GENERAL EVALUATION
1. What is agriculture?
2. State five examples of monocots.
3. State five examples of dicots.
4. Mention ten classifications of crops based on their uses.
5. a. What is a weed? b. What is a pest?
6. Describe four methods of controlling weeds.
7. State two types of insect-pests with two examples of each.
8. Mention five possible damage done by pest to crop.
READING ASSIGNMENT
Junior Secondary Agriculture for Nigerian Schools Bk 1 by A. Youdeowei, B.K .Kaigama, J.N. Ogbazi, S.O. Adesiyan. Chapter 3, Page 23, 14 pages 76-81
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. Dicotyledonous plants have ________a. four cotyledons b. three cotyledons c. two cotyledons d. one cotyledon
2. Which of these is very difficult to use if the number of pest is high a. chemical control b, physical control c. biological control d. cultural control?
3. _________ involves the use of natural enemies of insect pests and weeds against them a. physical control b. chemical control c. cultural control d. biological control
4. Examples of crops that store food in their roots are these except __________ a.Cassava b. potato c. Carrot d. sugarcane
5. Procurement of loan or capital for farming activity is one of ________ functions of a farm manager A. administration B. production C. organisationD. marketing
THEORY
1. Classify crop according to: (a) economic uses (b) the life cycle (c) number of cotyledons.
2. Define the following terms annuals, biennials and perennials.
3. What is management?
4. Mention and briefly explain five major functions of a farm manager.
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Comments
Nice but need more inprovement