Lesson Note For JSS1 Basic Science (First Term)

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This Lesson Note on Basic Science for JSS1 (first term) covers weekly prepared lesson notes and each of them are rich in classwork, curriculum compliant and syllabus based.

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Basic Science Scheme of Work for JSS1 First Term

Week 1: Living thing and non-living thing (I)

Week 2: Living and non living things (II)

Week 3: Living and non living thing (III)

Week 4: Living and non living thing (IV)

Week 5: Human development

Week 6: Family health (I)

Week 7 & 8: Family health (II)

Week 9: Family health (III)

Week 10: Examination

REFERENCE

• Precious seed BASIC SCIENCE FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS BOOK 1
• NIGERIAN BASIC SCIENCE PROJECT BOOK ONE, Integrated Science made Easy By F.I Kehinde

 

Lesson Note on Basic Science for JSS1 First Term

Week 1 Topic: Living thing and non-living thing (I)

Lesson Note on Living thing and non-living things (I)

CONTENT

• MEANING OF MATTER
• IDENTIFICATION OF MATTER
• CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

MEANING OF MATTER

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

Matter can be living things such as plants and animals, it can also be non- living things e.g. stones, tables, spoons, papers, etc.

NOTE:  Living things are matters that have life in them, while non- living things are matter that have no life in them.

EVALUATION

1. What is matter?
2. Give two main classifications of matter with four examples each.

IDENTIFICATION OF MATTER

Matter can be identified based on the following criteria

1.Life in them  2. Colour  3. Size  4.Shape  5. Taste

The above are properties of matter which can be used to identify them.

Let’s take SUGAR and IRON as examples.

Sugar is a white crystalline solid which dissolves in water and tastes sweet, while IRON is metallic lustre. It can get rusted in the presence moisture and gives reddish deposit.

EVALUATION

1. List five properties of matter by which they can be identified
2. Give five examples of matter in your environment that can be identified by using colour.

 

STATE OF MATTER

Matter can exist in three states, namely:

1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas

The fundamental difference between these three states of matter is the degree of movement of their particles.

SOLID

1. The particles are  closely packed and held firmly together by forces of cohesion.
2. The force of cohesion determines the strength of restriction of movement of particles.
3. The particles can only vibrate and rotate about a fixed position.
4. Solids have definite shape and are difficult to compress.

LIQUID

1. The particles are slightly further apart than in solids.
2. The particles vibrate, rotate and translate.
3. Their movement are restricted.
4. They have volume but have no definite shape, instead assume the shape of the container in which they are placed.
5. Liquid are difficult to compress.

GASES

1. The particles are further spaced apart than in liquid.
2. The particles vibrate, rotate and translate with more particles.
3. The particles are free to move in all directions at great speed.
4. The particles are restricted by the wall of the container.
5. Gases have no definite shape.
6. They occupy the whole volume of their container.
7. Gases are easily compressed.

EVALUATION

1. Name the three states of matter.
2. State three properties for each of the states of matter.

PARTICULATE  MATTER

Matter is made up of discrete particles. When a substance is heated, its particles acquire more kinetic energy, while when cooled; they lose kinetic energy and become less energetic. Matter can change its state when heated to a particular temperature. Change of state is brought about by heating or cooling. A given substance can exist as solid, liquid and gas.

The main particles of matter are:

1. Atom
2. Molecules
3. Ions

EVALUATION

1. State four properties of solid, liquid and gas.
2. What are the particles of matter?

 

READING ASSIGNMENT

NIGERIA BASIC SCIENCE PROJECT PAGES 73-76

 

GENERAL EVALUATON

1. Name the three states of matter.
2. State three properties for each of the states of matter.
3. What are the particles of matter?
4. Give two main classifications of matter with four examples each.

 

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Matter can broadly be classified into——–and ———–[a] monkey and birds [b] living things and non-living things [c] living things and man [d] non-living things and table.
2. Examples of living things are the following except———–[a] bird [b] goat [c] grass [d] plastics
3. All of the following can be compressed except———– [a] oxygen [b] hydrogen [c] carbon dioxide [d] water
4. In which of the following is the kinetic energy of particles of matter is greatest? [a] gas [b] liquid [c] solid [d] stone
5. The process whereby a substance in solid state changes directly to gaseous state is known as———— [a] freezing [b] sublimation [c] melting [d] cooling

THEORY

1. In  a tabular form, give four differences between solid, liquid and gaseous substances.
2. Write briefly on atom, molecules and ions.

Related Lesson Notes:

Lesson Note For JSS1 Basic Science (Second Term)

Lesson Note For JSS1 Basic Science (Third Term)

Week 2 Topic: Living thing and non-living thing (II)

Lesson Note on Living thing and non-living things (II)

CONTENT

• Characteristics of Living and Non-living things
• Characteristics of Plants and Animals
• Importance of plants and animals

 

Living thing is an organism that has life. That is, it possesses all the characteristics features that enables it to perform certain activities that non-living things cannot perform.

The characteristics of living things can be used to make differences between plants and animals.

EXAMPLES OF LIVING AND NON LIVING THINGS

Examples of living things

Some examples of living things include the following organisms: goat, sheep, bird, cow, toad, rat, rabbit, earthworm, tapeworm, housefly, maize plant, mango tree, orange tree, coconut tree, rhizopus, euglena, etc.

Examples of non living things

The following are examples of some non living things around us: stone, pen, book, table, chair, beg, pencil, shoe, water, cup, bucket, air, radio, hand-set, cleaner. Etc.

Characteristics of Living and Non-living things

1. Living things can move, but non-living things cannot.
2. Energy is required by living things, while non-livings do not require energy.
3. Living things are capable of growth, reproduction and death.
4. Non-living things are non-motile, but living things can move around.
5. Living things respire; non-living things do not respire.
6. Living things adapt to the surroundings and respond to stimulus.

 

EVALUATION

1. State five characteristics of living and non living things.
2. List four examples of living things.

EVALUATION

1. Give four differences between plants and animals
2. State five examples of animals that can give birth to young one alive

 

IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS TO HUMAN BEINGS

Plants are useful to human beings in the following ways:

1. They help in the beautification of man’s environment
2. They are sources of food for human
3. They provide fresh air to human beings by taking dangerous carbon
4. Oxide away from the air and releasing oxygen into air
5. They provide human beings with industrial raw materials e.g. plants for building
6. They provide fire wood for human beings to cook at home
7. They provide human beings with roughages to run their bowels
8. They return water back into the air to reduce the temperature to a bearable level for the comfort of human beings
9. They provide cloud formation by returning water into the atmosphere
10. They help to reduce soil erosion by holding the soil particles together.

 

USES OF ANIMALS TO HUMAN BEINGS

Animals are useful to human beings in  the following ways:

1. Some animals serves as source of protein to human beings when they are consumed
2. Products of some animals are useful for human beings as food or medicine e.g. honey produced by bees
3. Products of some animals are raw materials to some manufacturing industries e.g. skin, milk, horn, etc.
4. Some animals e.g. horses and camels are used farm works
5. Some animals e.g. horses and donkeys serve as a means of transportation to human beings
6. Some animals serves as source of revenue to human beings e.g. hen etc.
7. Some animals e.g. dogs, provides security to human beings
8. Some animals e.g. dogs are used for hunting by farmers
9. Some animals are trained to entertain human beings

 

EVALUATION

1. State five uses of animals to human beings
2. State five uses of plants

 

READING ASSIGNMENT

NIGERIA BASIC SCIENCE PROJECT PAGE 77-83, Precious seed BASIC SCIENCE FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS BOOK 1 PAGE 109-112

 

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Give four differences between plants and animals
2. State five examples of animals that can give birth to young one alive
3. State two differences between  plants and animals

4. State five uses of animals to human beings
5. State five uses of plants

 

WEEKEND  ASSIGNMENT

1. —————–is the site for photosynthesis in plants[a] cell wall [b] nucleus [c] chloroplast [d] ribosome
2. ————– is an act of changing position of parts or the whole of an organism [a]Excretion [b] Irritability [c] movement [d] reproduction
3. The organ that assist mammal to move is [a] leg [b] muscle [c] hand [d] bone
4. ————— is the act of getting rid of waste product out of the body of living thing [a] respiration [b] irritability [c] excretion [d] reproduction
5. Ability of plants to respond to stimuli is very slow because [a] they are too large [b] they have leaves [c] they do not have organs for movement [d] they have very thick bark.

 

THEORY

1. State eight differences between plants and animals.
2. Mention two examples of animals that can

1. a) give birth to young one alive.
2. b) lay eggs before hatch them to produce young one.

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