Lesson Note For JSS3 Basic Science (First Term)

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This Lesson Note on Basic Science for JSS3 (first term) covers weekly prepared lesson notes and each of them are rich in classwork, curriculum compliant and syllabus based.

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Basic Science Scheme of Work for JSS3 First Term

Week 1: Drug and Substance Abuse

Week 2: Flooding

Week 3: Deforestation and Desertification

Week 4: Bush Burning

Week 5: Depletion of Ozone Layer and its Effects.

Week 6: Resources from living things/Economic Importance of Resource

Week 7: Resources from Non-living Things: Solid Minerals, their Location and Importance

Week 8: Light energy

Week 9: Sound energy

Week 10: Magnetism

REFRENCES

• BasicScience Made Easy for JSS Three by F.I Kehinde et al
• BasicScience Made Easy for JSS Two by F.I Kehinde et al
• STAN Integrated Science for JSS Three
• Precious Seeds Basic Science for JSS three by J.O Otugboyegaet al.

Lesson Note on Basic Science for JSS3 First Term

WEEK 1 TOPIC: Drug and Substance Abuse

LESSON NOTE ON Drug and Substance Abuse

CONTENT

• Definition
• Health Effects of Drug Abuse on Youth
• Strategies on How to Live an Healthy Drug Free Life
• Roles of National Drug Control Agency (NDCA)

CONTENT

DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Drug abuse is the excessive use or continuous use of drugs without regard for accepted medical practice. When a drug is used to incite pleasure or escape reality, especially without the doctor’s prescription, is said to be abused.

 

Substances can also be abused when they are taken beyond acceptable limits. Excess intake of alcohol, cigarette, Marijuana and Indian helm are all example of substance abuse.

 

HEALTH EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON YOUTH

Drug and substance abuse has some immediate effects like lightheadedness, stomach upset, skin rashes, injection abscesses and so on but there are also more chronic effects like:

1. There is a ‘crash’ after the ‘high’ of taking drugs. There is usually fatigue, depression, anxiety and dependence after the drug effect has worn off.
2. Drug abusers easily lose focus.
3. Drug abuse increases the rate of accident because most drugs affect the motor nerves that controls movement of body parts.
4. The aftereffect of some drugs create illusion and hallucinations which terrifies the victim.
5. Unsterilised needles are often used by abusers. This exposes them to a high risk of contacting dangerous disease.
6. Drug overdose often place its victims in coma or a vegetable state unless taken care off.
7. Victim of drug abuse are often violent and found to be psychological unhealthy.

EVALUATION

1. What is drug abuse?
2. What are the health effects of drug abuse?

 

STRATEGIES ON HOW TO LIVE AN HEALTHY DRUG FREE LIFE

1. Always use drugs according to doctor’s prescription.
2. Inculcate positive social interactions and healthy lifestyle.
3. Always reject any invitation to take drugs or substances that are unfamiliar or that are likely to be abuse. Say NO to drug and substance abuse.
4. Avoid going to indecent places (e.g clubs, bar, anti social gatherings) where drug abuse is likely to occur.

 

ROLES AND ACTIVITIES NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL AGENCY (NDCA)

The Drug control Agencies in Nigeria include:

1. NAFDAC (National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control)
2. NDLEA (National Drug Law Enforcement Agency)

 

The functions of these agencies are as follows:

1. They control the manufacturing of drugs.
2. They monitor sales and distribution of drugs.
3. They refill prescriptions.
4. They care for drug dependent victims.
5. They control of environment conducive to drug abuse development.
6. They research on the method of rehabilitation of drug addict.
7. They educate the general public on the need to avoid drug abuse.

 

EVALUATION

1. State four strategies that can help one to live a drug free life
2. State two drug control agencies in Nigeria and their functions

 

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Mention four commonly abused substances and their method of use.
2. State four ways to control drug abuse.
3. State five effect of drug abuse on youth.
4. What is drainage?
5. List five types of abstinence

 

READING ASSIGNMENT

Basic Science Made Easy for JSS Three by F.I. Kehinde et al. Chapter 4. Pages 12-13

 

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The excessive use of drugs without prescription is called drug ___ abuse  B. misuse  C. overdose  D. use
2. Which of the following is an effect of drug abuse on youths. Increased focus  B. Wealth  C. Depression  D. Happiness
3. An agency that controls the production and distribution of drugs in Nigeria is EFCC  B. NDLEA  C. DSS
4. Which of the following is an example of a commonly abused substance? Water  B. Opium  C. Paracetamol  D. Juice
5. Which of the following places is substance abuse more likely? Club  B. Church  C. Conference  D. At home

 

THEORY

1. What is drug abuse?
2. State five ways in which drug abuse can be reduced among teenagers.

Related Lesson Notes:

Lesson Note For JSS3 Basic Science (Second Term)

Lesson Note For JSS3 Basic Science (Third Term)

Lesson Note on Basic Science for JSS3 First Term

WEEK 2 TOPIC: Flooding

LESSON NOTE ON FLOODING

CONTENT

• Causes of Flooding.
• Factors that Affects Flooding.
• Consequences of Flooding.
• How to Control Flooding.

 

INTRODUCTION

Flood is a disastrous overflow of water from a lake or other body of water due to excessive rainfall or other input of water.

 

When there is heavy rain, so much water flows in=to the rivers that they come over the tops  of their banks and flood the land. This can be useful in many places as the flood carries a lot of silt into the flooded area thereby making that area very good for agriculture. However, if the floods are deep i.e., much, they can be harmful as they can destroy villages, etc.

 

Controlling floods will involve taking risks. Since floods are natural.

 

CAUSES OF FLOODING

1. Heavy rain.
2. Long periods of rain.
3. Very wet saturated soil.
4. Compacted or dry soil.
5. Overflowing rivers.
6. Lack of drainage system.
7. Blocked drainages.

 

EVALUATION

1. What is flood?
2. State four causes of flooding.

 

FACTORS THAT DETERMINE OR AFFECT FLOODING

1. The amount of water that runs off the wind.
2. The amount of rainfall.
3. The temperature.
4. The type and condition of the soil.
5. The amount and type of vegetation.

 

CONSEQUENCES OF FLOODING

1. Loss of lives and valuable properties.
2. Destruction of crops.
3. Loss of livestock.
4. Widespread of waterborne diseases.
5. Disruption of business activities.

 

HOW TO CONTROL FLOODING

1. By building dams
2. By building very high walls along the rivers banks to prevent it from overflowing its banks.
3. By widening the rivers.
4. By building reservoirs to hold more water during flooding.
5. Streams may be diverted so that they do not flow into a particular river and result to flooding.
6. Irrigation

 

EVALUATION

1. State four consequences of flooding.
2. State four factors that leads to flooding.
3. State fours way to control or manage flooding.

 

SOIL EROSION

Soil erosion is the wearing away and loss of soil from an area. Soil erosion is the washing away of soil by heavy rain or wind resulting in formation of gulley and landslides and leaving behind barren rocks and slits on which plants can no longer grow. Soil erosion poses serious to agriculture as it wash away the nutrient from the topsoil.

 

TYPES OF EROSION

Based on the cause of erosion, we have:

 

Water erosion: This is the erosion caused as a result of heavy rainfall or flood which wash away the soil on slopes. Constant flow of water create gullies over a long time. When rain falls on sloppy ground the water runs off thereby washing away a large portion soil and also breaking down rocks in a process called weathering.

Wind erosion: This the erosion caused by fast moving wind which exposes the top soil and carry them away. Wind erosion can be controlled by planting trees along the wind path. These trees serve as windbreaker

 

HUMAN ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE EROSION

Burning of bush: The deliberate or accidental burning of bush destroys the soil structure and exposes it to erosion and high temperature.

 

Farming: The cutting of trees and clearing of farmlands exposes the soil to erosion

 

Building of house and industries: The clearing of land before the building of houses promote erosion.

 

Growth of town: Development of town leads to the exposure of the soil surfaces which can easily be washed away.

 

Construction of roads: The construction of new road leads to the breaking of soil structure which make it easy for soil to be washed away.

 

EFFECTS OF EROSION

1. It reduces soil fertility.
2. It damages road and soil surfaces.
3. It destroys farmland and farm produce.
4. It may lead to lose of buildings.
5. It leads to loss of lives through accident and building collapse.

 

CONTROL OF EROSION

1. Indiscriminate burning of bushes should be stopped.
2. Plant of trees and cover crops.
3. The practice of mulching in which cut grass residue are spread over the soil surface under a growing crop which retains moisture, reduces weeds and prevent exposure of the soil surface thereby reducing soil erosion.
4. Construction of terraces on sloppy land.

 

METHODS OF PREVENTING SOIL EROSION

1. Wind erosion can be prevented by planting cover crops, grasses and belt of trees which serves as wind breakers.
2. Water erosion and flooding can be prevented through proper canals and drainage channels to lead water away in to rivers.
3. Gully erosion can be stopped by small dams with stones and sticks along the gullies in order to capture soil that is being washed away.
4. Terrace should be build to prevent erosion. Terraces are barriers constructed along contours of the land which hinders the rapid flow of water down the slopes.

 

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. What is flood?
2. What are the activities of man that contributes to flooding?
3. What is power?
4. What is puberty?
5. Explain what you understand by “teetotalism”
6. What is pregnancy?

 

READING ASSIGNMENT

Basic Science Made Easy for JSS Three by F.I. Kehinde et al. Chapter 5. Pages 15-16

 

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The overflowing of rivers as a result of continuous rainfall leads to
2. erosion B. deforestation C. flooding  D. drought
3. Which of the following will help to control flooding? Overgrazing
4. Deforestation C. Damming of rivers D. Dumping of refuse
5. Which of the following does not contribute to flooding?
6. Blocked drainages B. Overflowing rivers C. Adequate drainage system
7. Loss of lives
8. Which of the following is a consequence of flooding? Growth and development   B. Increased fertility  C. Destruction of livestock  D. Provision of food
9. Flood is a ___ occurrence. natural  B. Man-made  C. Phenomenal
10. Economical

 

THEORY

1. List five things you can do to prevent flooding in your immediatel environment.
2. What are the environmental and economic impacts of flooding?
3. Mention five ways to prevent erosion?

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